The role of family responsibilities and personal-environmental factors on the level of women participation in sports

Document Type : women

Authors
Setare Eskandari 1
Sara Ghamati 2
Sara Keshkar 3
1 PhD in sport management, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Master of Science,, Spor Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Spor Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of family responsibilities and personal-environmental factors in the level of female participation in sports in Tehran. This study constitutes applied research with a descriptive survey approach. The study population consisted of women participating in women's parks in Tehran. Due to the diversity of the research communities, 384 people were selected to determine the sample size by referring to the final level of the Morgan's table. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, which was designed based on the research objectives and adapted from previous studies. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 academics and specialists in the field of sports management who studied sports participation. Its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha (0.80). The data was analyzed using Spearman and chi-square tests. The findings of the research showed that there is an inverse and significant relationship between the rate of sports participation of women and the responsibilities of taking care of family members, and lack of time. There is a positive and significant relationship between encouragement from others, a suitable role model from the media, and the tendency towards health and sports participation of women. Considering the issue of women's sports participation and according to the results of the present study, it is suggested that policymakers and managers in the field of women's sports, who have double roles and more responsibilities in the family, are responsible for paying special attention. Therefore, it seems that the establishment of maintenance centers for children in sports complexes, the formation of women's sports associations in neighborhoods, and the development of appropriate sports programs to encourage women's participation can help as practical strategies to improve their involvement in sports activities. This can be supported by societal institutions, including the municipality and the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting.

Keywords

  1. Roshanzamir, M., Eskandari, S., & Sedighi, A. (2022). Investigate the coronavirus damage to the marketing mix in sport with an emphasis on distribution and promotion. Sport Management Studies, 14(74), 249-272.
  2. Eime R, Harvey J, Charity M, Westerbeek H. Longitudinal trends in sport participation and retention of women and girls. Frontiers in sports and active living. 2020 Apr 16;2:39.
  3. pourzabih sarhamami, K., Azizian Kohan, N., Zare Abandansari, M. Improving the quality of Leisure Time of women and girls in the family with an approach based on physical and sports activities. Tourism and Leisure Time, 2023; 8(15): 183-196. doi: 10.22133/tlj.2023.421230.1122
  4. Hulteen RM, Smith JJ, Morgan PJ, Barnett LM, Hallal PC, Colyvas K, Lubans DR. Global participation in sport and leisure-time physical activities: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive medicine. 2017 Feb 1;95:14-25.
  5. Wilhelmsson A, Roos M, Hagberg L, Wengström Y, Blomberg K. Motivation to uphold physical activity in women with breast cancer during adjuvant chemotherapy treatment. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2017 Aug 1;29:17-22.
  6. Gayles JG, Hu S. The influence of student engagment and sport participation on college outcomes among division I student athletes. The Journal of Higher Education. 2009 May 1;80(3):315-33.
  7. Stenner BJ, Buckley JD, Mosewich AD. Reasons why older adults play sport: A systematic review. Journal of sport and health science. 2020 Dec 1;9(6):530-41.
  8. Rahmani A, Sayehmiri K, Asadollahi K, Sarokhani D, Islami F, Sarokhani M. Investigation of the prevalence of obesity in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Acta Medica Iranica. 2015 Oct 27:596-607.
  9. Cunningham C, O'Sullivan R, Caserotti P, Tully MA. Consequences of physical inactivity in older adults: A systematic review of reviews and meta‐analyses. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 2020 May;30(5):816-27.
  10. Alibalaie, M. The Relationship between General Health and Attribution Style and its Comparison in Female and Male Freshman and Senior Students in Different Fields. Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, 2015; 4(2): 145-156.
  11. Youniss J, Yates M. Community service and social responsibility in youth. University of Chicago Press; 1997 Aug 18.
  12. Downs DS, Chasan-Taber L, Evenson KR, Leiferman J, Yeo S. Physical activity and pregnancy: past and present evidence and future recommendations. Research quarterly for exercise and sport. 2012 Dec 1;83(4):485-502.
  13. Gregg EW, Cauley JA, Stone K, Thompson TJ, Bauer DC, Cummings SR, Ensrud KE, Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group, Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Relationship of changes in physical activity and mortality among older women. Jama. 2003 May 14;289(18):2379-86.
  14. Motameni, A., Hemati, A., Moradi, H. Identifying and prioritizing the barriers for women's sports activities. Sport Management Studies, 2014; 6(24): 111-130.
  15. Elendu IC, Okanezi B. Overcoming limitations of women’s involvement in sports and physical exercises in Nigeria: Implications for national productivity and economy. Journal of Education and Practice. 2013;4(4):137-42.
  16. Chiu LK, Yusof MM, Fauzee MS, Othman AT, Aman MS, Elumalai G, Ali HM. Examining sport and physical activity participation, motivations and barriers among young Malaysians. Asian Social Science. 2016 Jan 1;12(1):159.
  17. Volf K, Kelly L, García Bengoechea E, Casey B, Gelius P, Messing S, Forberger S, Lakerveld J, Den Braver NR, Zukowska J, Woods C. Evidence of the impact of sport policies on physical activity and sport participation: a systematic mixed studies review. International journal of sport policy and politics. 2022 Oct 2;14(4):697-712.
  18. Hopkins CS, Hopkins C, Kanny S, Watson A. A systematic review of factors associated with sport participation among adolescent females. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022 Mar 12;19(6):3353.
  19. Dąbrowska-Galas M, Dąbrowska J. Physical activity level and self-esteem in middle-aged women. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021 Jul 8;18(14):7293.
  20. Babazadeh N, Najafzadeh M. The relationship between values and lifestyle with women's sports participation. Sociology and lifestyle management. 2021 Sep 19;7(17):70-91.
  21. Cortis N, Sawrikar P, Muir K. Participation in sport and recreation by culturally and linguistically diverse women: Stakeholder consultation report. Social Policy Research Centre; 2008.
  22. Marwat MK, Zia-ul-Islam S, Waseem M, Khattak H, BiBi S. Sport performance of Muslim women and different constraints in their way to participation in sport. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 2014 Aug;4(10):208-14.
  23. Dlugonski D, Das BM, Martin T. Increasing collective efficacy for physical activity: Design and rationale of Moms UNITE for Health. Contemporary clinical trials. 2015 Nov 1;45:233-8.
  24. Kiani Salmi, S. Investigating and Explaining the Model of Spending Leisure Time, Measuring Attitudes and Identifying Barriers in Leisure Tourism Spaces for Women (Case study: Kashan). journal of policing& social studies of women & family (pssw), 2020; 8(2): 493-522.
  25. Helen Hosseini, Emadi Mehdi, Elaha Shafipour, Mohammadkhani Fereshte. Investigating the obstacles to doing sports activities during Iranian women's free time. 2012. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/841824/fa
  26. SAADATIFARD, E., javadipour, M., Honari, H., saffari, M., zareian, H. The pattern of Women's recreational Sports in Iran. Research on Educational Sport, 2021; 9(22): 187-216. doi: 10.22089/res.2019.6565.1565
  27. mostahfezian M, Rahbari S, Movahed M A, Nasr Isfahani D. Improving the leisure time of women and girls in the family with an approach based on physical activity in Isfahan province (model presentation). jsmas 2021; 2 (6) :1-24.

    URL: http://jsmas.modares.ac.ir/article-9-55944-fa.html

journal of olympic studies
Volume 2, Issue 3 - Serial Number 4
studies of Olympic
Autumn (2024)
Autumn 2024
Pages 25-37

  • Receive Date 18 May 2024
  • Revise Date 27 August 2024
  • Accept Date 28 August 2024