نقش تعهدات خانوادگی و عوامل فردی- محیطی بر میزان مشارکت زنان در ورزش

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of family responsibilities and personal-environmental factors in the level of female participation in sports in Tehran. This study constitutes applied research with a descriptive survey approach. The study population consisted of women participating in women's parks in Tehran. Due to the diversity of the research communities, 384 people were selected to determine the sample size by referring to the final level of the Morgan's table. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, which was designed based on the research objectives and adapted from previous studies. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 academics and specialists in the field of sports management who studied sports participation. Its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha (0.80). The data was analyzed using Spearman and chi-square tests. The findings of the research showed that there is an inverse and significant relationship between the rate of sports participation of women and the responsibilities of taking care of family members, and lack of time. There is a positive and significant relationship between encouragement from others, a suitable role model from the media, and the tendency towards health and sports participation of women. Considering the issue of women's sports participation and according to the results of the present study, it is suggested that policymakers and managers in the field of women's sports, who have double roles and more responsibilities in the family, are responsible for paying special attention. Therefore, it seems that the establishment of maintenance centers for children in sports complexes, the formation of women's sports associations in neighborhoods, and the development of appropriate sports programs to encourage women's participation can help as practical strategies to improve their involvement in sports activities. This can be supported by societal institutions, including the municipality and the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting.