عوامل اثرگذار در توسعه باشگاه‌های لیگ حرفه‌ای تکواندو

This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors influencing the development of professional Taekwondo league clubs. The research design was mixed-methods (qualitative-quantitative) and Futures research. In the qualitative section, content analysis and interviews with 16 Taekwondo experts (using purposive sampling based on expertise and experience in Taekwondo and development) were carried out. The interviews were based on the (STEEP) model by Peter Schwartz (1970), a common tool in future studies research, and continued until data saturation was reached. The quantitative sample consisted of 66 experts with knowledge in club management and Taekwondo, selected purposively. The five driving forces in the model—economic, socio-cultural, technological, political, and environmental—were expanded through semi-structured interviews, and specific indicators for each driving force were derived based on the state of professional Taekwondo league clubs. The analysis results identified 44 components for the five driving forces. The results showed that, from the experts' perspective, the highest averages were in the socio-cultural area (culture of shareholding), political (level of convergence between sports and political managers), economic (sustainable revenue generation), environmental (attention to clean air), and, lastly, technological (development of communication infrastructure). It is recommended that for the future development of professional Taekwondo league clubs, attention should be given to promoting the culture of shareholding in society and ensuring clubs achieve sustainable revenue generation, while adopting appropriate executive processes.